Perfectionism and Self-Acceptance vs. Quality of Interpersonal Relationships

Liwia Chełminiak, Aleksandra Górska, Dorota Mącik

Abstract


People with increased perfectionism have greater interpersonal difficulties. It can also be concluded that low self-acceptance may be associated with difficulties in relationships with others. The aim of the study was to investigate how self-acceptance explains closeness in interpersonal relationships and the level of positive relationships with others. It also focused on how closeness in relationships and the quality of relationships with others is explained by self-acceptance and some sub-dimensions of perfectionism. The sample consisted of 219 adults aged 18–64 (M = 32.63; SD = 12.96) who completed the Perfectionism Scale (BTPS), the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS) and the Unidimensional Relationship Closeness Scale (URCS). The statistical methods included correlation and regression analyses. Self-acceptance explains the intensity of positive relationships with others as opposed to closeness in relationships. In terms of perfectionism, positive relationships with others were explained by self-acceptance, self-esteem conditioning and action doubt. The results are a prelude to further research on the relationship between perfectionism, self-acceptance and interpersonal relationships.


Keywords


perfectionism; self-acceptance; interpersonal relationships; closeness; positive relationships with others

Full Text:

PDF (Język Polski)

References


Aron, A., Aron, E. (1997). Self-Expansion Motivation and Including Other in the Self. W: S. Duck (Ed.), Handbook of Personal Relationships: Theory, Research, and Interventions (s. 251–270). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Arunkumar, T.S., Dharmangadan, B. (2001). The FIMS: Friendship Intensity Measurement Scale. Psychological Studies, 46, 58–62.

Baumeister, R.F., Campbell, J.D., Krueger, J.I., Vohs, K.D. (2003). Does High Self-Esteem Cause Better Performance, Interpersonal Success, Happiness, or Healthier Lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(1), 1–44. DOI: 10.1111/1529-1006.01431

Baumgart, M., Szpinda, M., Radzimińska, A., Goch, A., Zukow, W. (2014). Poczucie własnej skuteczności a zachowania zdrowotne. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 5(8), 226–235. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28074

Black-Kutner, R. (2020). Self-Acceptance, Partner-Acceptance, and Forgiveness Relating to Marital Satisfaction: Proquest. (niepublikowana rozprawa doktorska)

Carson, S.H., Langer, E.J. (2006). Mindfulness and Self-Acceptance. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 24(1), 29–43. DOI: 10.1007/s10942-006-0022-5

Curran, T., Hill, A.P. (2019). Perfectionism Is Increasing Over Time: A Meta-Analysis of Birth Cohort Differences from 1989 to 2016. Psychological Bulletin, 145(4), 410–429. DOI: 10.1037/bul0000138

Davis, K.E. (1985). Near and Dear: Friendship and Love Compared. Psychology Today, (19), 22–30.

Dibble, J.L., Levine, T.R., Park, H.S. (2012). The Unidimensional Relationship Closeness Scale (URCS): Reliability and Validity Evidence for a New Measure of Relationship Closeness. Psychological Assessment, 24(3), 565–572. DOI: 10.1037/a0026265

Don, B.P. (2015). The Influence of Relationship Closeness on the Feeling That Life is Meaningful. Kent State University. (niepublikowana rozprawa doktorska)

Doroszewicz, K. (2008). Bliskie związki a jakość życia. Psychologia Jakości Życia, 7(1–2), 5–18.

Fareri, D.S., Smith, D.V., Delgado, M.R. (2020). The Influence of Relationship Closeness on Default-Mode Network Connectivity during Social Interactions. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 15(3), 261–271. DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa031

Faustino, B., Vasco, A.B., Silva, A.N., Marques, T. (2020). Relationships Between Emotional Schemas, Mindfulness, Self-Compassion and Unconditional Self-Acceptance on the Regulation of Psychological Needs. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome, 23(2), 145–156. DOI: 10.4081/ripppo.2020.442

Felmlee, D., Sprecher, S. (2000). Close Relationships and Social Psychology: Intersections and Future Paths. Social Psychology Quarterly, 63(4), 365–376. DOI: 10.2307/2695846

Flett, G.L., Hewitt, P.L. (2019). Reflections on Three Decades of Research on Multidimensional Perfectionism: An Introduction to the Special Issue on Further Advances in the Assessment of Perfectionism. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 38(1), 1–12. DOI: 10.1177/0734282919881928

Flett, G.L., Besser, A., Davis, R.A., Hewitt, P.L. (2003). Dimensions of Perfectionism, Unconditional Self-Acceptance, and Depression. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 21, 119–138. DOI: 10.1023/A:1025051431957

Góralewska-Słońska, A. (2011). Poczucie własnej wartości jako potencjał jednostki. Problemy Profesjologii, (2), 97–112.

Haring, M., Hewitt, P.L., Flett, G.L. (2003). Perfectionism, Coping and Quality of Intimate Relationships. Journal of Marriage and Family, 65(1), 143–158. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2003.00143.x

Herberger, J., Kozłowska, M. (2017). Relacje interpersonalne z perspektywy psychologii rozwoju człowieka. Relacje. Studia z Nauk Społecznych, (4), 35–48.

Hudson, N.W., Fraley, R.C. (2017). Adult Attachment and Perceptions of Closeness. Personal Relationships, 24(1), 17–26. DOI: 10.1111/pere.12166

Janicka, I., Szymczak, W. (2017). Kwestionariusz Zaangażowania Interpersonalnego – polska adaptacja metody. Polskie Forum Psychologiczne, 22(2), 205–218. DOI: 10.14656/PFP20170202

Kaleta, K., Mróz, J. (2012). Percepcja relacji interpersonalnych a pozytywne zachowania zdrowotne dorosłych. Problemy Higieny i Epidemiologii, 93(4), 779–784.

Karaś, D., Cieciuch, J. (2017). Polska adaptacja kwestionariusza dobrostanu (Psychological Well-Being Scales) Caroll Ryff. Roczniki Psychologiczne, 20(4), 815–835. DOI: 10.18290/rpsych.2017.20.4-4pl

Kim, S., Gal, D. (2014). From Compensatory Consumption to Adaptive Consumption: The Role of Self-Acceptance in Resolving Self-Deficits. Journal of Consumer Research, 41(2), 526–542. DOI: 10.1086/676681

Kok, B.E., Fredrickson, B.L. (2014). Wellbeing Begins with “We”: The Physical and Mental Health Benefits of Interventions That Increase Social Closeness. W: F.A. Huppert, C.L. Cooper (Eds.), Interventions and Policies to Enhance Wellbeing (vol. 6; s. 277–305). Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. DOI: 10.1002/9781118539415.wbwell042

Lafontaine, M.-F., Péloquin, K., Levesque, C., Azzi, S., Daigle, M.-P., Brassard, A. (2019). Beyond the Simple Association Between Romantic Attachment Insecurity and Dyadic Coping: An Examination of Romantic Perfectionism as a Mediator. Journal of Relationships Research, 10(12), 1–9. DOI: 10.1017/jrr.2019.6

Lee, J., Gillath, O. (2016). Perceived Closeness to Multiple Social Connections and Attachment Style: A Longitudinal Examination. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 7(7), 1–10. DOI: 10.1177/1948550616644963

MacInnes, D.L. (2006). Self-Esteem and Self-Acceptance: An Examination into Their Relationship and Their Effect on Psychological Health. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 13(5), 483–489. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2006.00959.x

Marciniak, E.M. (2009). Bezpieczeństwo wewnętrzne państwa. Wybrane zagadnienia. Warszawa: Dom Wydawniczy Elipsa.

Maryl, M., Korolczuk, A. (2008). Relacje z rodzicami i rówieśnikami – ich wpływ na funkcjonowanie adolescentów. Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna, 8(1), 46–56.

Matte, M., Lafontaine, M.-F. (2012). Assessment of Romantic Perfectionism: Psychometric Properties of the Romantic Relationship Perfectionism Scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 45(2), 113–132. DOI: 10.1177/0748175611429303

Michalska, P., Kukuła, D., Ocalewski, J. (2020). Perfekcjonizm i wskaźnik masy ciała jako czynniki ryzyka zachowań ortorektycznych. Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu, 26(4), 366–371. DOI: 10.26444/monz/127162

Pastimo, O., Muslikah, M. (2022). The Relationship Between Self-Acceptance and Social Support with Self-Confidence in Madrasah Tsanawiyah. Edukasi, 16(2), 90–99. DOI: 10.15294/edukasi.v16i2.41503

Pezirkianidis, C., Galanaki, E., Raftopoulou, G., Moraitou, D., Stalikas, A. (2023). Adult Friendship and Wellbeing: A Systematic Review with Practical Implications. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1059057

Pilarska, A., Suchańska, A. (2016). Zdolność do bliskości w relacjach a przywiązanie i poczucie własnej tożsamości. Społeczeństwo i Rodzina, (46), 47–68.

Prusiński, T. (2016). Trudności z badaniem przyjaźni. Psychologiczne i społeczne wymiary współczesnych relacji przyjacielskich. Fides et Ratio, (3), 21–32.

Reis, H.T., Collins, W.A. (2004). Relationships, Human Behavior, and Psychological Science. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(6), 233–237. DOI: 10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00315.x

Roberts, S.G.B., Dunbar, R.I.M. (2011). Communication in Social Networks: Effects of Kinship, Network Size, and Emotional Closeness. Personal Relationships, 18(3), 439–452. DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01310.x

Routasalo, P., Tilvis, R., Kautiainen, H., Pitkälä, K. (2009). Effects of Psychosocial Group Rehabilitation on Social Functioning, Loneliness and Well-Being of Lonely, Older People: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(2), 297–305. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04837.x

Ryff, C.D. (1989). Happiness Is Everything, or Is It? Explorations on the Meaning of Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069–1081. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069

Ryś, M. (2011). Kształtowanie się poczucia własnej wartości i relacji z innymi w różnych systemach rodzinnych. Fides et Ratio, (2), 64–83.

Sanecka, E. (2014). Perfekcjonizm – pozytywny czy negatywny. Adaptacyjne i dezadaptacyjne formy perfekcjonizmu. Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk, 4(4), 242–251. DOI: 10.15503/onis2014.242.251

Smith, M.M., Saklofske D.H., Stoeber, J., Sherry, S.B. (2016). The Big Three Perfectionism Scale: A New Measure of Perfectionism. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 34(7), 1–18. DOI: 10.1177/0734282916651539

Stoeber, J., Lalova, A.V., Lumley, E.J. (2019). Perfectionism, (Self-)Compassion, and Subjective Well-Being: A Mediation Model. Personality and Individual Differences, 154. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.109708

Stoeber, J., Smith, M.M., Saklofske, D.H., Sherry, S.B. (2021). Perfectionism and Interpersonal Problems Revisited. Personality and Individual Differences, 169. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110106

Szałach, S. (2013). Zaufanie w relacjach interpersonalnych – wybrane aspekty. Edukacja Humanistyczna, (1), 177–183.

Tanna, V.J., MacCann, C. (2022). I Know You So I Will Regulate You: Closeness but Not Target’s Emotion Type Affects All Stages of Extrinsic Emotion Regulation. Emotion, 23(5), 1501–1505. DOI: 10.1037/emo0001073

Ulu, I., Tezer, E. (2010). Adaptive and Maladaptive Perfectionism, Adult Attachment, and Big Five Personality Traits. Journal of Psychology, 144(4), 327–340. DOI: 10.1080/00223981003784032

Zbonikowski, A. (2010). Psychospołeczne uwarunkowania defaworyzacji dzieci i młodzieży. Warszawa: Difin.

Zygar-Hoffmann, C., Cristoforo, L., Wolf, L., Schönbrodt, F.D. (2022). Eliciting Short-Term Closeness in Couple Relationships with Ecological Momentary Interventions. Collabra: Psychology, 8(1), 1–26. DOI: 10.1525/collabra.38599




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/j.2023.36.4.221-242
Date of publication: 2024-03-14 10:37:24
Date of submission: 2023-05-30 22:23:01


Statistics


Total abstract view - 1300
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF (Język Polski) - 1029

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Liwia Chełminiak, Aleksandra Górska, Dorota Mącik

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.