Selected Determinants of Young Adults’ Life Satisfaction in Poland During a Pandemic

Agnieszka Ewa Lewicka-Zelent, Wojciech Czerski

Abstract


Introduction: The time of pandemic poses a considerable challenge for the people of the whole world. They are afflicted with physical and mental ailments affecting life satisfaction, which iscontingent upon multiple factors.

Research Aim: The objective of authors’ own research was to adapt the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and, subsequently, to identify the selected determinants of life satisfaction – the state anxiety and the fear of COVID-19 – of the young Poles in the time of pandemic.

Method: During the lockdown in Poland (May and June), 236 individuals aged 19–35 were subjected to research. To this end, an online survey consisting of the three research tools of high psychometric properties was applied: the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).

Results: The reliability and validity of the FCV-19S has been analysed in addition to the analysis of the correlations, variances and regression of the selected variables.

Conclusions: The obtained data prove that during the pandemic the young Poles feel greater life satisfaction both the higher the intensity of the fear of COVID-19 is and the lower the state anxiety is. It is highly likely that they appreciate different values from the ones preferred prior to the pandemic. With account taken of the period of the conducted studies, it may be assumed that the relationship with close relatives, with whom the young Poles were spending their time, or from whom they were forcibly isolated, was of no significance.


Keywords


life satisfaction, fear, pandemic

Full Text:

PDF

References


Agryle, M. (2004). Psychologia szczęścia (transl. N. Oparska). Astrum.

Ahorsu, D.K., Lin, C.-Y., Imani, V., Saffari, M., Griffiths, M.D., Pakpour, A.H. (2020). The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and Initial Validation. International. Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8

Alyami, M., Albuquerque, J.V.D., Krägeloh, C.U., Alyami, H., Henning, M.A. (2020). Effects of Fear of COVID-19 on Mental Well-Being and Quality of Life: A Path Analysis [preprint]. In review. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-59161/v1

Bakas, T., McLennon, S.M., Carpenter, J.S., Buelow, J.M., Otte, J.L., Hanna, K.M., Ellett, M.L., Hadler, K.A., Welch, J.L. (2012). Systematic Review of Health-Related Quality of Life Models. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 10(1), 134, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-10-134

Bao, Y., Sun, Y., Meng, S., Shi, J., Lu, L. (2020). 2019-nCoV Epidemic: Address Mental Health Care to Empower Society. The Lancet, 395(10224), e37–e38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3

Baray, G., Postmes, T., Jetten, J. (2009). When I Equals We: Exploring the Relation Between Social and Personal Identity of Extreme Right-Wing Political Party Members. British Journal of Social Psychology, 48(4), 625–647. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466608X389582

Bedyńska, S., Cypryńska, M. (Eds.). (2013). Statystyczny drogowskaz 1. Praktyczne wprowadzenie do wnioskowania statystycznego. Sedno.

Brooks, S.K., Webster, R.K., Smith, L.E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., Rubin, G.J. (2020). The Psychological Impact of Quarantine and How to Reduce It: Rapid Review of the Evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912–920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8

Brzeziński, J. (2006). Metodologia badań psychologicznych. PWN.

Casagrande, M., Favieri, F., Tambelli, R., Forte, G. (2020). The Enemy Who Sealed the World: Effects Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 on Sleep Quality, Anxiety, and Psychological Distress in the Italian Population. Sleep Medicine, 75, 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.011

Chanduszko-Salska, J., Chodkiewicz, J. (2010). Zadowolenie z życia a poczucie własnej skuteczności, wsparcie społeczne oraz stan zdrowia u kobiet z nadwagą i otyłością. Endokrynologia, Otyłość i Zaburzenia Przemiany Materii, 6(4), 171–178.

Chwaszcz, J., Palacz-Chrisidis, A., Wiechetek, M., Bartczuk, R.P., Niewiadomska, I., Wośko, P., Sławska, P. (2020). Quality of Life and Its Factors in the COVID19 Pandemic Situation. Results of Stage 1 Studies During the Pandemic Growth Period [preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ryv8g

Cohen, J. (1992). A Power Primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155

de Walden-Gałuszko, K. (1997). Ocena jakości życia uwarunkowana stanem zdrowia. In J.W. Meyza (Ed.), Jakość życia w chorobie nowotworowej: Wybrane zagadnienia (pp. 77–82). Centrum Onkologii Instytutu im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie.

Diener, E., Emmons, R.A., Larsen, R.J., Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13

Diener, E., Oishi, S., Lucas, R.E. (2003). Personality, Culture, and Subjective Well-Being: Emotional and Cognitive Evaluations of Life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403–425. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145056

Dsouza, D.D., Quadros, S., Hyderabadwala, Z.J., Mamun, M.A. (2020). Aggregated COVID-19 Suicide Incidences in India: Fear of COVID-19 Infection is the Prominent Causative Factor. Psychiatry Research, 290, 113145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113145

Dziurowicz-Kozłowska, A. (2002). Wokół pojęcia jakości życia. Psychologia Jakości Życia, 1(2), 77–99.

Field, A.P. (2009). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS: And Sex, Drugs and Rock ‘n’ Roll. SAGE Publications.

Frankl, V.E. (1998). Homo patiens (transl. Z. Jaroszewski, R. Czernecki). Pax.

Gunawan, J., Juthamanee, S., Aungsuroch, Y. (2020). Current Mental Health Issues in the Era of Covid-19. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102103

Helweg-Larsen, M., Shepperd, J.A. (2001). Do Moderators of the Optimistic Bias Affect Personal or Target Risk Estimates? A Review of the Literature. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5(1), 74–95. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0501_5

Hobfoll, S.E. (1998). Stress, Culture, and Community: The Psychology and Philosophy of Stress. Plenum Press.

Juczyński, Z. (2001). Narzędzia pomiaru w promocji i psychologii zdrowia. Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych.

Kharshiing, K.D., Kashyap, D., Gupta, K., Khursheed, M., Shahnawaz, M.G., Khan, N.H., Uniyal, R., Rehman, U. (2020). Quality of Life in the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Exploring the Role of Individual and Group Variables. Community Mental Health Journal, 57, 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-020-00712-6

Lau, J.T.F., Yang, X., Tsui, H.Y., Kim, J.H. (2005). Impacts of SARS on Health-Seeking Behaviors in General Population in Hong Kong. Preventive Medicine, 41(2), 454–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.11.023

Lau, J.T.F., Yang, X., Tsui, H., Pang, E., Wing, Y. (2006). Positive Mental Health-Related Impacts of the SARS Epidemic on the General Public in Hong Kong and Their Associations with Other Negative Impacts. Journal of Infection, 53(2), 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2005.10.019

Laumas, A., Singh, S. (2020, May 12). A Behavioral Cheatsheet to India’s COVID-19 Response. CNBCTV18.Com. Retrieved 15 May 2020 from: https://www.cnbctv18.com/views/a-behavioral-cheatsheet-to-indias-covid-19-response-5895041.htm

Limcaoco, R.S.G., Mateos, E.M., Fernandez, J.M., Roncero, C. (2020). Anxiety, Worry And Perceived Stress in the World Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, March 2020. Preliminary Results. MedRxiv, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.03.20043992

Noro, A., Aro, S. (1996). Health-Related Quality of Life Among the Least Dependent Institutional Elderly Compared with the Non-Institutional Elderly Population. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 5(3), 355–366. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00433920

Ogińska-Bulik, N. (2014). Satisfaction with Life and Posttraumatic Growth in Persons after Myocardial Infarction. Health Psychology Report, 2(2), 105–114. https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr.2014.43917

Patra, R.C., Kanungo, B., Bawa, P. (2020). Mental Health, Sleep Quality and Quality of Life in Individuals with and Without Multiple Health Conditions During Home Quarantine in India Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. F1000Research, 9, 709–718. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24321.1

Pieh, C., O’Rourke, T., Budimir, S., Probst, T. (2020). Relationship quality and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown. PLOS ONE, 15(9), e0238906. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238906

Schoene, D., Heller, C., Aung, Y.N., Sieber, C.C., Kemmler, W., Freiberger, E. (2019). A Systematic Review on the Influence of Fear of Falling on Quality of Life in Older People: Is There a Role for Falls? Clinical Interventions in Aging, 14, 701–719. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S197857

Spielberger, C.D., Gorsuch, R.L., Lushene, R.E. (1970). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press.

Steuden, S., Okła, W. (2007). Czynniki sprzyjające podnoszeniu jakości życia w sytuacji choroby. In S. Steuden, W. Okła (Eds.), Jakość życia w chorobie (pp. 195–208). KUL.

Ventegodt, S., Flensborg-Madsen, T., Andersen, N.J., Merrick, J. (2008). Which Factors Determine Our Quality of Life, Health and Ability? Results from a Danish Population Sample and the Copenhagen Perinatal Cohort. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (JCPSP), 18(7), 445–450. https://doi.org/07.2008/JCPSP.445450

Wang, Y., Di, Y., Ye, J., Wei, W. (2020). Study on the Public Psychological States and Its Related Factors During the Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Some Regions of China. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 26(1), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817

Wołowicka, L., Jaracz, K. (1998). Jakość życia uwarunkowana stanem zdrowia w badaniach własnych. Postępy Pielęgniarstwa i Promocji Zdrowia, 13, 81–86.

Wrześniewski, K., Sosnowski, T., Matusik, D. (2002). Inwentarz Stanu i Cechy Lęku. Polska adaptacja STAI. Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych.

Zhang, Y., Ma, Z.F. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Quality of Life among Local Residents in Liaoning Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 2381, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072381




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lrp.2022.41.2.73-85
Date of publication: 2022-08-16 12:00:19
Date of submission: 2021-06-03 11:39:50


Statistics


Total abstract view - 975
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF - 331

Indicators





Copyright (c) 2022

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.