Radzenie sobie z przemocą szkolną, zastraszaniem oraz agresywnym/zakłócającym zachowaniem w środowisku szkolnym: perspektywa nauczycieli w greckiej szkole podstawowej
Streszczenie w języku polskim
Wprowadzenie: Przemoc szkolna stanowi złożony problem społeczny oraz zdrowia publicznego, który niesie ze sobą poważne konsekwencje dla uczniów, rodzin oraz całego społeczeństwa. Szkoły, a w szczególności nauczyciele, odgrywają kluczową rolę w tworzeniu i utrzymywaniu bezpiecznego, włączającego oraz wysokiej jakości środowiska uczenia się. Skuteczne reagowanie na zachowania agresywne i destrukcyjne wymaga od nauczycieli posiadania odpowiednich kompetencji zawodowych oraz silnego poczucia własnej skuteczności, które sprzyja osiąganiu pozytywnych rezultatów edukacyjnych i wychowawczych.
Cel badań: Celem niniejszego badania jakościowego było zbadanie postrzegania przez nauczycieli własnej skuteczności w radzeniu sobie z przemocą szkolną oraz incydentami zachowań agresywnych lub destrukcyjnych w środowisku szkolnym.
Metoda: Dwudziestu nauczycieli edukacji wczesnoszkolnej pracujących w Salonikach w Grecji wzięło udział w półustrukturyzowanych wywiadach. Badanie koncentrowało się na postrzeganych przez nauczycieli rolach, stosowanych strategiach, napotykanych wyzwaniach oraz proponowanych rozwiązaniach mających na celu zwiększenie skuteczności w promowaniu bezpiecznego środowiska szkolnego. Dane zostały przeanalizowane z wykorzystaniem analizy tematycznej.
Wyniki: Nauczyciele postrzegali swoją rolę jako kluczową i podkreślali znaczenie poczucia własnej skuteczności dla osiągania pozytywnych rezultatów. Empatia, pozytywne relacje nauczyciel–uczeń, równość płci, zaufanie oraz doświadczenie zawodowe wzmacniały efektywność działań. Strategie obejmowały edukację społeczno-emocjonalną, demokratyczne praktyki klasowe, dialog, proaktywne interwencje pedagogiczne oraz współpracę z rodzicami i dyrekcją szkoły. Wyzwania dotyczyły zróżnicowanego poziomu skuteczności, nietolerancji w klasie, ograniczonej współpracy oraz luk programowych. Uczestnicy podkreślali potrzebę specjalistycznego doskonalenia zawodowego, poprawy komunikacji szkoła–rodzina, interwencji szkolnych oraz współpracy z psychologami i pracownikami socjalnymi.
Wnioski: Wyniki badania podkreślają kluczową rolę nauczycieli w tworzeniu bezpiecznych, włączających i demokratycznych środowisk uczenia się oraz wskazują na istotne implikacje dla polityki edukacyjnej, rozwoju zawodowego i praktyki pedagogicznej.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lrp.2026.45.2.101-121
Data publikacji: 2026-06-30 15:05:34
Data złożenia artykułu: 2025-12-16 23:49:35
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Prawa autorskie (c) 2026 Sophia Tromara, Vassiliki Pliogou

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