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Wyślij tekst przez e-mail Suwerenność narodu podczas pandemii COVID-19. Wnioski z doświadczeń państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej. Wybory parlamentarne i samorządowe w cieniu koronawirusa
Streszczenie w języku polskim
Kryzys wywołany koronawirusem doprowadził w wymiarze niemal globalnym do istotnych ograniczeń wielu praw podstawowych, w tym prawa do głosowania. Celem artykułu jest wzbogacenie o doświadczenia państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej rozwijającego się w ramach międzynarodowej nauki prawa nurtu badającego oddziaływanie w dłuższej perspektywie czasowej na rozwiązania wyborcze zagrożenia dla zdrowia publicznego. W opracowaniu, będącym rezultatem współpracy badawczej finansowanej przez Międzynarodowy Fundusz Wyszehradzki, opisano działania dostosowawcze wdrożone przez cztery państwa Grupy Wyszehradzkiej, które miały umożliwić przeprowadzenie w tych państwach wyborów ogólnopaństwowych lub samorządowych w trakcie globalnej pandemii. Środki te przedstawiono w sposób uwzględniający kontekst globalnych tendencji wyborczych. W oparciu o wyniki wspomnianych badań wskazano również spodziewane cechy popandemicznych ramowych warunków przeprowadzania wyborów w państwach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej. Omówiono też alternatywne reżimy wyborcze promujące elastyczność i odporność, łączące elementy tradycyjnego systemu głosowania z dodatkowymi obostrzeniami służącymi ochronie zdrowia publicznego oraz z szerokim zastosowaniem mechanizmów głosowania korespondencyjnego i elektronicznego.
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LITERATURE
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LEGAL ACTS
Act of 31 March 2020 on the amendment of the act on special solutions related to preventing, counteracting and combating COVID-19, other infectious diseases and emergencies caused by them, as well as some other acts (Journal of Laws 2020, item 568).
Act of 6 April 2020 on special rules for conducting universal elections of the President of the Republic of Poland (Journal of Laws 2020, item 827).
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Decision of the Marshall of the Sejm of 3 June 2020 on ordering the election of the President of the Republic of Poland (Journal of Laws 2020, item 988).
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Zákon no. 247/1995 Sb.: Act on elections to the Parliament of the Czech Republic and on the amendment and addition of certain other laws.
Zákon no. 258/2000 Sb.: Act on the protection of public health and amendment of certain related acts.
Zákon NRSR no. 355/2007 Coll.: Act on the protection, support and development of public health and on amendments and supplements to certain acts.
Zákon NRSR no. 180/2014 Coll.: Act on the conditions for exercising the right to vote and on amending and supplementing certain laws.
Zákon NRSR no. 181/2014 Coll.: Act on electoral campaigning and amendment of Act no. 85/2005 Coll. on political parties and political movements as amended.
Zákon NRSR no. 512/2021 Coll.: Act amending the Act no. 180/2014 Coll. on the conditions for exercising the right to vote and on amending and supplementing certain laws.
Zákon NRSR no. 185/2022 Coll.: Act on a special method of voting in elections to municipal self-governing bodies and in elections to self-governing regional bodies.
Zákon NRSR no. 395/2022 Zb.: Law on the special method of voting in the referendum announced on the basis of the citizens’ petition received on 24 August 2022.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2023.32.5.305-332
Data publikacji: 2023-12-31 14:29:41
Data złożenia artykułu: 2023-07-19 16:25:58
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Prawa autorskie (c) 2023 Monika Florczak-Wator, Boldizsár Szentgáli-Tóth, Iván Halász
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