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Wyślij tekst przez e-mail Doktryna „odkrycia” i zasada „zawłaszczenia”. Ponowne badanie prawa własności i zarządzania prawami wydobycia ropy naftowej rdzennych ludów Nigerii
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Celem artykułu jest zbadanie teorii stanowiących podstawę własności i praw do wydobycia ropy naftowej w Nigerii oraz potrzeby opracowania nowego modelu własności. Gospodarka Nigerii opiera się głównie na przychodach z zasobów naturalnych, zwłaszcza ropy naftowej. Wraz z osłabieniem gospodarki kraju rząd federalny rozpoczął poszukiwania ropy naftowej celem zwiększenia przychodów, pomimo nierozstrzygniętych naruszeń praw człowieka ludności tubylczej i nadużyć wobec środowiska naturalnego popełnionych podczas poszukiwań ropy naftowej w regionie delty Nigru. Rząd Nigerii uzasadnia tę niekontrolowaną eksplorację zasobów naturalnych w doktrynie odkrycia (doctrine of discovery) i zasadzie zawłaszczenia (rule of capture). Autor wskazuje, że oparcie prawa nigeryjskiego rządu federalnego do poszukiwań zasobów naturalnych na tych podstawach negatywnie oddziałuje na prawa rdzennej ludności Nigerii i na ochronę środowiska oraz stanowi kontynuację filozofii kolonializmu. W związku z tym w artykule poddano analizie doktrynę odkrycia, zasadę zawłaszczenia, kolonialną filozofię praw własności oraz reżim prawny dotyczący własności zasobów naturalnych w Nigerii. Sugeruje to hybrydowy model własności, w którym własność jest dzielona pomiędzy grupy tubylcze i rząd.
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LITERATURE
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2023.32.3.253-277
Data publikacji: 2023-09-29 15:54:28
Data złożenia artykułu: 2022-05-04 01:32:31
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Prawa autorskie (c) 2023 Ikechukwu P. Ugwu
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