Islamic Revolution in Iran. Causes - Course - Consequences

Abstract

Islamic Revolution in 1979 was the last „great revolution” of the twentieth century. Facade parliamentary monarchy was replaced with the innovative creation, called „The Islamic Republic". Revolutionary leaders, inspired with religious ideas, made an attempt to dominate the politics, the culture and the civil life with the omnipresent Islam. Due to the role of the religious fundamentalism, the Iranian revolution was the announcement of a strong relationship between Islam and politics in the 21st century. The purpose of this article is to characterize the causes, course and the fundamental changes that have occurred as a result of the victorious revolution of 1979. The first part discusses the socio-political conditions in Iran during the reign of Shah Mohammad Reza and attempts to answer the question of the extent, to which they have contributed to revolution. The second part presents the course of the Iranian revolution in chronological order. The last part constitutes the analysis of the consequences of the revolution, especially transformations that affected the Iranian political system.