Some aspects of snake euphemisms in Lithuanian names based on appearance, habitat, and behaviour

Marius Smetona

Аннотация


One of the aspects of linguistic worldview are taboos and the ways they make their way into daily usage. In one kind of taboo, a word is endowed with a magical function, which leads to the emergence of euphemisms. These euphemisms are used to replace dangerous words that can call forth disasters or spirits, and enable the speaker to interact with others without the fear of breaking the taboo. The goal of this article is to analyse the euphemisms for the snake in the Lithuanian language. The analysis is based on a semantic classification of euphemisms. The data come from various dictionaries and texts of folklore. Euphemism for the snake constitute the largest group of animal euphemisms in Lithuanian and only a selected sample of them are addressed here. The ancient cult of the snake in Lithuania was abolished with the advent of Christianity and then a negative attitude to snakes was imposed. A possible classification of snake euphemisms would thus be to distinguish those that originated before Christianity and those that did after it had been introduced.



Ключевые слова


euphemisms; semantic classification; snakes; taboo; worldview; Christianity

Полный текст:

PDF (English)

Литература


Bartmiński, Jerzy. 2009. Stereotypy mieszkają w języku. Lublin.

Biedermann, Hans. 2002. Naujasis simboliu žodynas [“The New Dictionary of Symbols”]. Vilnius.

Buga, Kazimieras. 1959. Rinktiniai raštai [“Selected Works”] 2. Vilnius.

Gudavičius, Aloyzas. 2009. Etnolingvistika [“Ethnolinguistics”]. Šiauliai.

Jasiunaite, Birute. 1998. Musu maloniniai kreipiniai [“Our hypocoristic addresses”]. Kalbotyra 47 (1) 43–59.

Jasiunaite, Birute. 2001. ‘Gužutis vaiką parneše!’ (Nepaprasta žmogaus kilme frazeologijoje) [“The stork brought a baby! Unusual origins of humans in phraseology”]. Baltistica XXXVI (2) 277–297.

Jasiunaite, Birute. 2005. Eufemizmai tarmese bei tautosakoje problemos ir perspektyvos [“Euphemisms in dialects and folklore Problems and prospects”]. Baltistica VI 101–117.

Jasiunaite, Birute. 2010. Šventieji ir nelabieji frazeologijoje ir liaudies kulturoje [“Saints and devils in phraseology and folk culture”]. Vilnius.

Jasiunaite, Birute. 2011. Velnio pavadinimai pagal gyvenamąją vietą lietuviu tarmese ir tautosakoje [“Naming the devil after its habitat in Lithuanian dialects and folklore”]. Baltistica 46 (1) 87–106.

Jasiunaite, Birute. 2012. Spalva kaip velniavardžiu motyvuojantis požymis [“Colour as a motivational attribute of the devil’s names”]. Baltistica 47 (1) 103–120.

Jasiunaite, Birute and Marius Smetona. 2013. Eufemistiniai gyvates pavadinimai [“Euphemistic snake names”]. Baltistica XLVIII (2) 313–329.

Koženiauskiene, Regina. 2001. Retorika iškalbos stilistika [“Rhetoric The Stylistics of Eloquence”]. Vilnius.

Koženiauskiene, Regina. 2006. Daiktavardžiu deminutyvu eufemija advokatu kalbose, Specialybes kalba tyrimas ir destymas. Mokslines konferencijos darbai [“Euphemism of Diminutive Nouns in Legal Speeches, Especially Language Analysis and Instruction. Scientific Conference”]. 81–88. Vilnius.

Koženiauskiene, Regina. 2009. Juridines retorikos pagrindai [“Basics of Legal Rhetoric”]. Vilnius.

Kudirka, Robertas. 2012. Senoji ir naujoji eufemija. Grafine eufemija elektroniniame diskurse [“Old and new euphemisms. Graphic euphemisms in electronic discourse”]. www.lietuviukalba.lt

Marcinkevičiene, Ruta. 1998. Eufemijos grimasos [“Grimaces of euphemisms”]. Kalbos kultura 71 75–78.

Sabaliauskas, Algirdas. 1990. Lietuviu kalbos leksika [“Lexis of the Lithuanian Language”]. Vilnius.

Smetona, Marius. 2013. Gimdymo eufemizmai lietuviu kalboje, Šiuolaikines stilistikos kryptys ir problemos mokslo straipsniu rinkinys [“Euphemisms for Child-birth in the Lithuanian Language, Pillars and Problems of Modern Stylistics a Compendium of Scientific Articles”]. 143-149. Vilnius.

Smetona, Marius. 2014. Eufemistiniai gyvates pavadinimai pagal gyvenamąją vietą ir elgesi [“Euphemistic snake names based on habitat and behaviour”]. Lietuviu kalba. www.lietuviukalba.lt

Smetona, Marius. 2015. Lietuviu kalbos eufemizmai raiška ir motyvacija [“Euphemisms of the Lithuanian Language Expression and Motivation”]. Vilnius.

Vaitkevičiene, Daiva. 2008. Lietuviu užkalbejimai gydymo formules. [“Lithuanian Incantations Curative Formulas”]. Vilnius.

Zavjalova, Marija. 1998. Lietuviu ir rusu užkalbejimu nuo gyvates pasaulio modeliu palyginimas [“A comparison of the model of Lithuanian and Russian incantations from the snake”]. Tautosakos darbai 9(16) 62–107.

Zavjalova, Marija. 1998. Daiktu pasaulis lietuviu užkalbejimuose [“The world of things in Lithuanian incantations”]. Tautosakos darbai (15) 149–162.

Видлак, С. 1965. Проблема эвфемизма на фоне теории языкового поля. In Этимология. 267–285. Москва.

Войтович, Валерий. 2002. Украïнська міфологія. Киів.

Гура, А. В. 1984. Ласка (Mustela nivalis) в славянских народных предславлениях. In Славянский и балканский фольклор. 130–157. Москва.

Жельвис, Владимир И. 2001. Поле брани. Сквернословие как социальная проблема. Москва.

Толстой, Никита И. 1995. Язык и народная култура. Очерки по славянской мифологии и этнолингвистике, Москва.

Трубачев, Олег Н. 1958. Из истории табуистических названий. Вопросы славянского языкознания, вып. 3 120–126.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/et.2017.29.191
Date of publication: 2017-11-03 08:26:38
Date of submission: 2017-01-11 14:02:00


статистика


Видимость рефератов - 1133
загрузки (из 2020-06-17) - PDF (English) - 687

показатели



Ссылки

  • На текущий момент ссылки отсутствуют.


(c) 2017

Лицензия Creative Commons
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.